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' I P. :E. MALMSTROM. APPARATUS FOR GARBONATING AND DISPENSING LIQUIDS.No. 603,404, Patented May 3, 16398.

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P. E. M-ALMSTROM'. APPARATUS FOR OARBONATING AND DISPENSING LIQUIDS.

Patented May 3,1898.

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} P. E.- MALMSTROM. APPARATUS FOR UARBONATING AND DISPENSING LIQUIDS.

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UNIT D ST TE s PAT NT Orrrca PETER E. MALMSTROM, OF NEW YORK, N. Y.,ASSIGNOR TO THE DIAMOND SODA WATER MANUFACTURING COMPANY, OF SAME PLACE.

APPARATUS FOR CARBONATlNG AND DISPENSING LIQUIDS.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 603,404, dated May 3,1898.

Application filed November 30,1896. Serial No. 613,912. (No model.)

To all whom it may concern.-

Be it known thatv 1, PETER E. MALMSTROM, a citizen of the United States,residing in the city, county, and State of New York, have invented acertain new and useful Apparatus for Carbonating and Dispensing Liquids,of which the following is a specification.

My invention relates primarily to improved means for carbonating wateror other liquid, or, in other words, of mixing water with gas, such ascarbonic-acid gas; and the invention also relates to improvements in anapparatus whereby the liquid and gas can be properly commingled and asupply kept constantly on hand with very little trouble. I

My invention has for its object to do away with the employment of anumber of gas-holders'for supplying fountains where carbonized liquidsare dispensed and to provide an apparatus for the carrying out of myprocess of carbonizing which will be an adjunct of thedispensing-fountain and with which the water or other liquid can becarbonized at will and as wanted. 7

Briefly, according to my invention, the gas in starting the carbonatingoperation is allowed to pass from the gas-tank under a regulatedpressure into a suitable chamber, whence it is allowed to pass to aforce-pump, where the gas and water from a suitable the gas passing fromthe carbonating-chamber into the pump under a pressure preferably aboutequal to the pressure or the head of water. The gas and water are thenforced by the pump back into the carbonating-chamber, where the water issprayed or split up v in fine particles, settling at the bottom of thechamber, the gas freeing itself from the water and settling at the topof the said chamber. This completes the first or initial step in thecarbonizing process, at which time there may or may not be enoughcarbonized water in the chamber for use; but to more thoroughly chargethe water and to provide a supply sufficiently large I proceed asfollows: The force-pump is again operated, the free gas in thecarbonating-chamber again passing or being drawn into the pump, therecommingling with a fresh supply of water, and is again forced by thepump back into the said ohamber,being again split up, and by repeatingthis operation the primary charge or residue of the charge of gas in thechamber may be repeatedly drawn off and commingled with a fresh supplyof water, thoroughly carbonizing the water and avoiding the necessity ofusing a fresh supply of gas for a fresh supply of water. The practicingof this part of my invention has many other advantages in parthereinafter referred to.

The apparatus by means of which my invention may be practiced consistsin a mixing or storage chamber or cylinder adapted to be connected witha gas-holder, a pump connected with said chamber or cylinder by twopipes, one of which is adapted to convey gas to a chamber in the pump,the other of which pipes is adapted to convey a mixture of gas andliquid to the main chamber or cyl- 7o inder from said pump, and meansfor supplying the chamber of said pump with water, and suitable valvesare provided for regulating the passage of gas and liquid to the pumpand its passage therefrom to the main cylinder. Suitable valves and agas-pressure indicator are arranged between the gas-holder and the maincylinder, whereby the supply and pressure of the gas to the latter canbe regulated, and like'devices arealso provided whereby the pressureunder which the gas passes to the pump-cylinder may be regulated.

The invention furtherconsists in the novel details of improvement andthe combination of parts that will be more fully hereinafter set forth,and then pointed out in the claims. Reference is to be had to theaccompanying drawings, forming part hereof, wherein-- Figure 1 is a sideelevation of an apparatus embodying my invention and with which my 0process can be carried out. Fig. 2 is a vertical longitudinal section ofthe main storage or mixing chamber or reservoir, showing the inlet andoutlet passages and valves. Fig. 3 is a sectional elevation on the linea: w in Fig. 2. Fig. 4 is an enlarged detail view, partly in section,showing the outlet for the carbon ated liquid from the main cylinder.Fig. 5 is an enlarged side View of the inlet or nozcylinder. Fig. 6'is afront view of the same,

and Fig. 7 is a central vertical section of the inlet or nozzle as shownin Fig. 5. Fig. 8 is a plan view of a coil-chamber for cooling thecarbonated liquid as it is drawn for use. Fig. 9 is a plan view,enlarged, of the force-pump and commingling-chamber. Fig. 10is asectional elevation of the same on the plane of line 2 2, Fig. 9. Fig.11 is a transverse sectional elevation of the commingling-chamber on theplane of line 3 3, Fig. 9; and Fig. 12 is a transverse sectionalelevation on the plane of the line 4: 4, Fig. 9.

In the accompanying drawings, in which similar letters and numerals ofreference indicate corresponding parts in the several views, the number1 indicates a cylinder or carbonatingchamber of suitable construction,which may be supported in any suitable manner.

2 is a gasholder or cylinder connected with the cylinder 1 by a pipe 3,that opens into the upper part of cylinder 1.

4 is a suitable gas-pressure indicator and regulator interposed in pipe3, between the holder 2 and cylinder 1.

At 5 is a valve in pipe 3, between the holder 2 and the indicator 4, and6 isavalve in pipe 3, between said indicator and the cylinder 1. \Viththis arrangement when valve 5 is opened and valve (5 closed theindicator 4: will show the gas-pressure in holder 53, and when valve 5is closed and valve 6 opened the indicator will show the gas-pressure incylinder 1. \Vhen both of said valves are opened, gas may pass fromholder 2 into cylinder 1.

At 7 is a valve connected with cylinder 1 and with pipe 3, whereby pipe3 can be disconnected from cylinder 1, if desired, without permittingthe escape of gas from cylinder 1.

At 8 is a pipe which leads from cylinder 1 to an ice-box or cooler 9, acoil of pipe 8 being preferably located in said box and connecting thepipe 8 with a dispensing-faucet 10.

At 11 is a valve in pipe 8 to regulate the passage of the carbonatedwater from cylinder 1.

At 12 is a pipe or tube within cylinder 1 and which leads from pipe 8 tothe lower part of cylinder 1 to conduct the carbonated liquid to pipe 8.

At 13 is a pipe which connects the upper area of cylinder 1 with a pump11 of suitable construction, a valve 15 being placed in the pipe 13 toregulate the passage of gas from cylinder 1 to the pump 11, the valve 15being preferably an automatic regulator-valve arranged to permit thepassage of gas after the latter has reached a certain pressure.

At 16 is asuitable safety-valve in cylinder 1.

The pump 14, which is preferably constructed as shown, has a chamber 17to which the pipe 13 leads, duplicate valves 17 being arranged to permitgas to pass from the pipe 13 into said chamber, but to prevent it frompassing back into said pipe.

At 18 is a pipe that leads from the cylinder 1 to the chamber 17 of pump14, duplicate valves 19 being arranged in the chamber 17 to prevent gasfrom passing into chamber 17 through pipe 18, but arranged to permitliquid and gas to be forced through said pipe from chamber 17 tocylinder 1.

At 20 is a valve in pipe 18 to regulate the flow of gas and liquid intoor from cylinder 1, and the chamber 17 of pump 14. is connected by apipe 21 withawater-main or other-source of supply, 22 being awater-meter, a filter, and 21a valve, all connected with pipe 21.

As before stated, the pump lat may be of suitable construction; but Iprefer that it be so arranged that when its piston a is operated by thelever 14: or otherwise in either direction a charge of gas from cylinder1 and a charge of water from pipe 21 will be drawn into chamber 17 andwill be mixed therein and forced by the pump through pipe 18 intocylinder 1, as hereinafter described. To accomplish this result, thepump is constructed as follows: At 5 is the usual cylinder, in whichworks the piston a, the piston-rod c passing through the packing d inthe usual way, the rod having the ring a, which engages with a stud f onthe lever 14. The cylinder Z) opens into the chamber 17 at one end,which chamber is divided by a septum 1 into two compartments 7L 1', thetop of the chamber having an integral roof j, provided with aperturesit, which open into the compartments h i, above which lie the duplicatevalves formed from a sheet of rubber fabric Z and weighted in the usualmanner.

At m is a by-pass formed with the cylinder Z), which connects at one endwith the cylinder by means of the post a and at the other end with thecompartment 2' in the chamber 17, so that by one stroke of the piston(L111 either direction the gas and water in either of thecompartments 1) i will be forced through the respective valve 1 9 intothe pipe 1S,thence into cylinder 1.

In order to make a good construction and to properly connect each of thecompartments h i with the source of supply and exit, I provide twoclamps p 1), clamp 11 having an apertured roofp, the apertures p ofwhich lead into the compartments 7L i and over which the valves 17 areseated, which apertures 11 also lead into or from a commingling-chamher(1, formed in the clamp, from which latter chamber leads a threadednipple q, which connects with the water-supply pipe 21, and a furthernipple g which leads to the gassupply pipe 13. The upper clamp 12 isalso provided with a chamber 0', from which extends a nipple a", whichconnects with the pipe 18 and in which the valves 19 lie, thecompartments h t'opening into the chamber.

130th of the clamps p p are provided with ears 5, through which passbolts i for securing the clamps down on the chamber 17, each of theclamps having recessed seats a, in which the rubber fabric j of thevalves is held.

A stand A, having nipples B, supports the ICC cylinder b, which is alsoprovided with nipples 0, through both of which nipples bolts D pass tohold the pump on the stand.

The double-acting force-pump thus formed enables the commingled gas andwater to be forced back into the cylinder 1 very rapidly, and it is tosecure this advantage, as well as to secure the employment of thecommingling-chamber q distinct from the chamber 17, that I prefer thisconstruction; but it is apparent that other forms of force-pumps can beemployed without altering the nature of my process, the only essentialsin this regard being a receiving or comminglin g chamber, suitablecheck-valves, and a force-pump.

In order to enable the liquid that passes into cylinder 1 through thepipe 18 to be distributed in one or more thin sheets and be more readilymingled with the gas in the upper area of the cylinder 1, I haveprovided an inlet nozzle or tube 25, which is located within thecylinder 1 and connected with pipe 18. (See Figs. 2 to 7.) The nozzle 25is in the form of a tube having its lower end closed and one side wallprovided with one or more narrow slits 26 26. The slit 26 is shownhorizontally arranged, and the slits 26 are segmental and respectivelyupwardly and downwardly inclined. This arrangement of the slits causesthe liquid to issue from the tube 25 in one or more thin sheets, andwhen the slits 26 26 are arranged as shown in Figs.

, 2 to '7, inclusive, the sheets of liquid issuing therefrom will bebroken up and cause the liquid and gas in cylinder 1 to intimatelycommingle.

At 27 is a suitable water-gage connected with cylinder 1.

The operation of the apparatus maybe described as follows: The partsbeing connected together, as shown in Fig. 1, valves 5, 6, and 7 areopened,.so as to allow gas from holder 2 to pass into cylinder 1 underthe desired pressure and to the desired volume, and when the desiredvolume of gas is in .the cylinder 1 the valve 7 is closed and keptclosed during the carbona'ting process. Valves 15 and 20 are thenopened, whereby gas from cylinder 1 may pass to chamber 17 (orq) of pump14, the valves 19 preventing the gas from passing to chamber 17.(or h2') through pipe 18. The valve 24 is also opened to allow water to passto chamber 17 (or q) of pump 14:, Where the gas and water comminglein ameasure. Pump 14: is now operated and when the piston is moving in onedirection draws the gas and water into chamber 17, (or h 6,) where theywill mix, and when the piston moves in the opposite direction the gasand air in chamber 17 (or h i) are caused to commingle by the pressureapplied by the piston and the mixture of gas and liquid is forced fromthe pump through pipe 18 into cylinder 1. The

carbonated liquid passes from nozzle 25 in thin sheets, which by theinclination given the slits will be broken up into fine particles, and,passing through the upper area of the cylinder, absorbs more gas andfinally falls to the bottom thereof. There should be an excess of gas incylinderl over the liquid therein, so that the gas can continually bedrawn from cylinder 1 into pump 14 during the operation. After asufficient quantity of liquid has been commingled with gas and passedinto cylinder 1 the pump can be stopped and valves 15, 20, and 24 closedto retain the carbonated liquid in cylinder 1. Valve 11 can then beopened and the carbonated liquid drawn off as desired, which valve maybe kept open during the carbonating process to allow of a quantity ofthe carbonated liquid to be cooled in the coil. This operation by beingrepeatedthat is, by continually using the same volume of gas in thecylinder 1 over and over to carbonate a fresh supply of water-thoroughlycarbonates the water in the cylinder 1, the volume of which can bedetermined by the gage 27, and the valve 16 prevents too great apressure being generated in the cylinder.

It is evident that if it is desired to produce the carbonated liquid inquantity for storage the valves 5, 6, 7, 15, 20, and 24 can be kept openas much as desired and the pump kept working, so that the carbonatedliquid can be drawn off from the cylinder 1 as fast as it is produced.

Having now described my invention, what I claim is- 1. In an apparatusfor carbonating liquids, a cylinder or vessel connected by a pipe withagas-holder,a pump exterior to and connected with said cylinder by twopipes, both of said pipes being independent of the pipe from thegas-holder, means for supplying said pump with a liquid, and valves tocontrol the passage .of gas from said cylinder to said pump through onepipe, and to control the passage of the same gas and a liquid from saidpump to said cylinder through the other pipe, substantially asdescribed.

2. The combination of a cylinder or vessel, a pump, a pipe connectingthem for the passage of gas to the pump, a pipe connecting said cylinderwith said pump for the passage of liquid from the latter to the former,valves to control the passage through said pipes, and a nozzle connectedwith the second-mentioned pipe within said cylinder, said nozzle havingits end closed and slits in its side arranged to converge toward a pointexterior thereto, substantially as described.

3. The combination with the gas-holder 2, i

a force-pump having a compression-chamber, the cylinder 1, pipes andcontrolling devices connecting the gas-holder with the pumpchamberthrough the gas-space of cylinder 1 a return-pipe connecting the pumpand gasspace of cylinder 1 independently of the latters connection withthe gas-holder, and a source of liquid-supply connected with thepump-chamber, substantially as described.

4.. The combination with the detachable gas-holder 2, a force-pumphaving a compres- ICC) sion-chamber, the cylinder 1, pipes and devicescontrolling the passage of the gas from the holder through the gas-spaceof the cylinder to the pump-chamber, a return-pipe connecting thepump-chamber and gas-space of the cylinder, and a source ofliquid-supply connected with the pump-chamber, a dispensing-faucet, thecooling-chamber, a coil in said chamber, and pipes connecting theliquidspace of the cylinder 1 with the coil and the latter with thefaucet independently of the before-mentioned pipes, substantially asdescribed.

5. The combination with the gas-holder 2, a force-pump, the cylinder 1,pipes and devices controlling the passage therethrough, said pipesconnecting the gas-holder with the pump through the cylinder, 21return-pipe connecting the pump and cylinder, and a source ofliquid-supply connected with the pump, a dispensing-faucet, thecooling-chamber, a coil in said chamber, and pipes connecting thecylinder 1 with the coil and the latter with the faucet, substantiallyas described.

0. The combination with the gasholder 2, the cylinder 1, a force-pump, apipe connecting the inlet of the pump with the cylinder 1, awater-supply connected with said inlet, a pipe leading from the outletof the pump to said cylinder 1, a pipe connecting the gasholder andcylinder 1, and means for equalizing the water and gas pressure at thepumpinlet, substantially as described.

7. The combination with the gas-holder, the cylinder 1, the pipe 12leading to the fluidspace in said cylinder and extending exteriorly ofthe cylinder by a pipe 8 to a suitable dispenser, a pipe extendingbetween the gas-holder 2 and the gasspace in cylinder 1, a pipe 13leading from the gas-space in the cylinder to a force-pump, a pipe 21leading to the pump from a fluid-supply, and a pipe 18 leading from thepump and terminating in the split nozzle 25 extending into the gasspaceof the cylinder 1, substantially as described.

S. In a device for carbonating liquids the combination with thelongitudinally-disposed cylinder 12, the gas-holder 2, thevalve-regulated pipe 3 leading from the holder to the gas-space of saidcylinder, a pump having a eompression-chamber, a pipe 21 leading from aliquid-supply to the inlet of said chamber, a pipe 13 leading from thegas-space of said cylinder to said pump-chamber, and a pipe 18 leadingfrom said pump-chamber to the gas-space in said cylinder and provided atits end with a slotted tube, substantially as described.

f). In a device for carbonating liquids, the combination with thehorizontally-disposed cylinder 12, the gas-holder 2, the valve-regulatedpipe 3 leading from the holder to the gas-space of said cylinder, a pumphaving a eommingling and compression chamber comprising two separate andvalve-controlled compression-compartments, a barrel having a plunger incommunication with one of the compartments, and a by-pass incommunication with the barrel and the other compartment, inlet andoutlet compartments above and below the compression-compartments, a pipe21 leading to the inlct-compartment, a pipe 13 leading from thegas-space of cylinder 12 to said llllOlZ-COlllDill'lJlll011i], a pipe 18leading from the outlet-compartment to the gasspaee of said cylinder,and means for operating said plunger, substantially as described.

10. In a device for earbonating and dispensing liquids, the combinationwith the horizontally-disposed cylinder 12, the gas-holder 2, thevalve-regulated pipe 3 leading from the holder to the gas-space of saidcylinder, a pump having a compression-chamber, a pipe 21, leading from aliquid-supply to the inlet of said chamber, a pipe 13 leading from thegas-space of said cylinder to said pump-chamber, a pipe 18 leading fromsaid pump-chamher to the gas-space in said cylinder, a pipe 12 leadingfrom the bottom of said cylinder, a cooling-box, a pipe-coil in saidbox, a pipe 8 leading from the pipe 12 to one end of said coil andhaving a valve 11., and a faucet 1O exterior to said box and ineonnnunication with the other end of said coil, substantially asdescribed.

Signed at the city, county, and State of New York, this 28th day ofNovember, 18%.

PETER E. MALMSTROM.

lVitncsses:

JOSEPH L. LEVY, \VILLLUI .lAeoBsEN.

